by Dr Neelima Mantri | Aug 16, 2024 | Blog, Pregnancy Complications
Pregnancy is an incredible journey, full of excitement, anticipation, and sometimes a few concerns, as it involves numerous changes and potential complications.
Marginal cord insertion is a pregnancy complication where the umbilical cord attaches abnormally to the placenta. A considerably rare condition, this abnormality can affect fetal development, cause placental abruption, and even lead to preterm labor. The good news is that this condition can be effectively managed when identified early and with the right awareness beforehand, it can be prevented.
The first step to avoiding the risks is to raise awareness about possible complications and take necessary steps to mitigate them. We take that first step with this blog today.
What is Marginal Cord Insertion?
During pregnancy, the umbilical cord usually attaches to the center of the placenta, supplying the foetus with oxygen and nutrients. However, in marginal cord insertion, the cord attaches to the edge or around the placenta. This may seem minor, but it can impact the baby’s blood flow, oxygen, and nutrients.
Symptoms of Marginal Cord Insertion
Symptoms of marginal cord insertion are often asymptomatic and can go unnoticed until a routine prenatal scan. A few symptoms include:
- Slow Foetal Growth: If the baby isn’t growing as expected, it might be linked to marginal cord insertion.
- Low Amniotic Fluid: Reduced fluid around the baby can sometimes happen.
- Heart Rate Changes: You might notice variations in the baby’s heart rate due to blood vessel compression.
- Higher Risk of Complications: There could be a higher chance of preterm birth or low birth weight.
“Keep up with regular check-ups and ultrasounds. Always consult your gynaecologist for the best advice”, says gynaecologist in Mumbai Dr Neelima Mantri, when asked about the ways to identify the condition and prevent the symptoms.
Marginal Cord Insertion Causes:
So, what causes this condition? Well, researchers are still determining the exact causes of marginal cord insertion. Some studies suggest that factors such as:
- Placental development: Sometimes, the placenta doesn’t grow uniformly, leading to an off-centre cord attachment.
- Multiple pregnancies: Twins or triplets may have a higher risk due to limited space in the uterus.
- Maternal age: Women over 35 may have a slightly increased risk.
- Previous uterine surgeries: These can affect how the placenta implants.
Remember, having these risk factors doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll develop marginal cord insertion. In many cases, it occurs without even a clear cause. But how is it diagnosed and treated?
Marginal Cord Insertion Diagnosis:
Diagnosis typically happens during routine imaging studies. Here’s what you can expect:
- Second-trimester ultrasound: This is often when marginal cord insertion is first detected.
- Follow-up scans: Your doctor may recommend additional ultrasounds to monitor the condition.
- Doppler ultrasound: This specialized scan can assess blood flow in the umbilical cord.
If your doctor suggests additional scans, it’s a routine measure to ensure everything is progressing as expected.
Marginal Cord Insertion Treatment:
Many cases of marginal cord insertion don’t need particular treatment, which is encouraging. Yet, your gynaecologist will generally:
1. Monitor growth: Regular ultrasounds will track your baby’s growth and development.
- Check blood flow: Doppler scans can ensure your baby is getting adequate nutrients.
- Discuss delivery options: In most cases, vaginal delivery is still possible. However, your doctor might recommend a C-section if there are concerns about cord compression during labor.
Managing Marginal Cord Insertion:
While you can’t change the cord’s position, you can support a healthy pregnancy:
- Attend all prenatal appointments: Regular check-ups allow your doctor to monitor the situation closely.
- Follow a healthy diet: Proper nutrition supports your baby’s growth and your overall health.
- Stay hydrated: Adequate fluid intake is crucial for amniotic fluid levels.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol: These can compromise placental function.
Understanding Marginal cord insertion can bring peace of mind during your pregnancy journey. Staying informed and working closely with a gynaecologist can ensure the best possible outcomes for you and your baby.
If you have concerns about marginal placental cord insertion or any other aspect of your pregnancy. In that case, Dr. Neelima Mantri is the best gynaecologist in Mumbai and offers compassionate and expert care. As the best lady gynaecologist in Mumbai, Dr. Neelima Mantri ensures you and your baby receive the highest quality care throughout your pregnancy.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jul 22, 2024 | Blog, Infertility Treatment
Wonder how doctors monitor and optimize a woman’s ovulation cycle to increase the chances of conception? This is where the follicular study comes in. It is a series of ultrasound tests conducted to monitor the development of ovarian follicles, hence helping in ascertaining the exact time of ovulation.
This study has a special application in cases of infertility problems. In this article, we will explain the fundamentals of follicular studies, their importance, and the process of these studies.
What is Follicular Study and Why is it Important?
Follicular study—successive monitoring of the growth of the follicles through regular ultrasound checks in the ovaries. Checking what size and how well they are developing will help in establishing one’s most fertile days. Through these changes, the doctors get to know the cycle of ovulation better, being able to time intercourses or intrauterine insemination easily for those couples who have infertility issues.
Monitoring of the ovulation cycle is very important in case of infertility. The follicular study aids in ascertaining and giving information on the time of ovulation to expect, thereby helping a person to plan. This is more so the case in women with irregular periods. It may also lead to the diagnosis and treatment of fertility issues.
Observing the growth of the follicles may note possible problems in ovulation. The probability of successful conception can be enhanced by optimizing treatment plans through the monitored development of the follicles by the doctor.
How is a Follicular Study Conducted?
The study would, more often than not, be conducted with the aid of a transvaginal ultrasound. It is commenced a couple of days after the completion of the menstrual cycle and repeated every two to three days until confirmation of ovulation is received.
On each visit, measuring by the gynecologist the size of follicles and checking on the endometrial lining for its thickness is done. All this gives a clue as to the exact time of ovulation. The study is not invasive and does not take long; it’s not painful at all, and so it is one of the preferred ways to monitor ovulation.
What to Expect During a Follicular Study?
Each patient who comes for follicular study can expect to undergo a series of ultrasound sessions during a menstrual cycle. At each session, the doctor will insert the probe via a transvaginal route to get clear images of the ovaries and the follicles.
It is a process that is normally done in a clinic and takes 10-15 minutes. This would generally not be too painful, and patients may feel a little discomfort. Depending upon the results, the doctor would opine as to the best days for intercourse or fertility treatment.
Advantages of Follicular Study in the Management of Infertility
The best gynecologist in Mumbai for infertility will often recommend a follicular study as a part of a comprehensive treatment of infertility.
- The study more accurately times ovulation, which is very important for doing timed intercourse, IUI, or IVF.
- It shows the fertile period more precisely and hence increases the chances of conception.
- In addition, it may also be able to pick up any abnormal development of follicles or faulty ovulation, permitting timely medical intervention.
When to Consult a Gynecologist for a Follicular Study?
Women with not ideally conceiving must get their follicles studied by a female gynecologist in Mumbai. A follicular study may be most useful in case of irregular periods, PCOS, or unexplained infertility to treat health problems related to reproductive health.
Thus, consulting a gynecologist at the beginning will diagnose the problems at an earlier stage and start proper treatments without loss of time. Early treatments will increase the chances of conception.
Conclusion
The follicular study is one of the integral tools in infertility treatment, providing minute details regarding the ovulation cycle; therewith, it helps optimize conception efforts. Thus, this study will enable non-invasive, effective monitoring of ovulation in women who would want to know better about their fertility status or are undergoing infertility treatments.
One could perhaps look up consulting Dr. Neelima Mantri, a well-known Mumbai-based female gynecologist for expert care and detailed studies of these follicles in support and guidance of fertility. Be it in your search for the best Gynaecologists in Mumbai or specialized care in the arena of infertility, Dr Mantri’s expertise reassures comprehensive and compassionate care on an as-needed basis.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jul 19, 2024 | Blog, Pregnancy Complications
We all understand the crucial role of amniotic fluid, which envelops the womb to safeguard the baby. But what if the fluid levels are too high? This condition, known as Polyhydramnios, involves an excessive secretion of amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy. In its mildest form, it doesn’t pose any problems or symptoms. However, severe cases may necessitate treatment.
This condition is typically identified after the middle stages of pregnancy. Severe cases can lead to preterm labor, shortness of breath, and other symptoms. Yet, with early detection and proper management, the risks can be minimized. Mild cases often resolve on their own, but severe ones require close attention. To help you understand this condition better, check out this post for more information!
An Overview of Polyhydramnios
Polyhydramnios is a medical condition found in pregnant mothers in the middle term during pregnancy. The condition arises when there is a sudden spike in the amniotic fluids around the womb in the uterus.
Ideally, the amniotic fluid plays a significant role in the development and growth of the fetus. Doctors identify this condition in the second half of the pregnancy stage. This is a rare condition that affects 1% of pregnant women. They are diagnosed using the following methods:
- Amniotic fluid volume (AFV) or Maximum vertical pocket (MPV): This measures the deepest fluid pocket of the baby inside the womb. If the value shown is more than 8 cm, it is proved that the womb has polyhydramnios.
- Amniotic fluid index (AFI):This measures the deepest fluid pocket in four areas of the womb where if the sum of the four values is over 24 cm, it is proved that the womb has polyhydramnios.
- Blood Tests: These check if some diseases and infections cause polyhydramnios.
- Amniocentesis:This procedure uses a needle to remove the amniotic fluid from the womb. Then, the fluids are checked to provide information about the baby’s health.
- Nonstress Test:The baby’s heart rate is checked through the abdomen.
- Biophysical Profile: Doctors use ultrasound to identify complications and birth defects. They also use it to monitor the baby’s movement and breathing and the volume of amniotic fluid in the womb.
Causes of Polyhydramnios
There is no exact cause diagnosed by the best gynecologist in Mumbai. However, here are a few common ones:
- Affects the baby’s central nervous system, digestive tract, genetic conditions, or specific other organs.
- Causes twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome when twins are found in the womb where one receives higher blood flow than the other.
- Causes fetal anemia due to less blood flow to the womb.
- Clashes of parent blood cell with the child’s blood cell.
- Affects the placenta through which oxygen and food are supplied to the baby.
- Heart rate problems for the baby.
- The fetus becomes infectious.
- The difference in blood types for the mother and baby.
- Create gestational diabetes and high blood glucose levels in the mother.
Symptoms of Polyhydramnios
The first notable sign of Polyhydramnios is a swollen belly that occurs after a few weeks after pregnancy. This is due to the build-up of amniotic fluids, which pressure the uterus and the surrounding organs. For mild conditions, there are low chances of seeing symptoms. On the other hand, for severe conditions, here are a few risky symptoms:
- Swollen feet and ankles
- Shortness of breath
- Contraction, cramping, and tightness (especially in the uterus muscles) in the stomach
- Heartburn
- Constipation
- Indigestion
- Uterine contractions and discomfort
- Trouble feeling that there is a baby in the womb
- Fetal malposition (the baby moves in the wrong way in the womb)
- Difficulty in finding the fetal heartbeat
- Pressures the lungs, rectum, bladders, and stomach of the mother
Conclusion
That’s all you need to know about the rare cases of Polyhydramnios. If you do not wish to be numbered with this complication, it’s best to take steps early to fight it and protect your baby. Book a consultation with Dr Neelima Mantri and start recuperating before it’s too late!
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jul 12, 2024 | Blog, Gynecologist
You might have heard of trachelectomy as a type of treatment for cervical cancer. This surgical procedure has been in the limelight because it allows many women to preserve their fertility while being treated for early stages of cervical cancer.
If you were ever to be diagnosed with cervical cancer, then knowing and understanding what is trachelectomy, who it benefits, and how it compares with other forms of treatment are very important questions. The guide looks at the important aspects of trachelectomy, trying to demystify this very important and beneficial procedure.
Understanding The Fundamentals of Trachelectomy
This trachelectomy, also referred to as cervicectomy, is the removal of the neck or cervix while preserving the uterus. The procedure is most valuable in women who must retain their fertility, and it enables them to conceive and carry babies to term.
Unlike hysterectomy, which drains the entire uterus, trachelectomy seeks to remove tumor tissues while retaining childbearing potential. This procedure is usually advisable for only those women who have early-stage cervical cancer and meet certain criteria.
Candidates for Trachelectomy
Not all women with cervical cancer are potential candidates for a trachelectomy. It is normally considered an option for those among them whose cervical cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, viz., stage IA2 and IB1, that the tumor is small and has not yet spread beyond the cervix.
Moreover, patients must have a deep interest in fertility preservation, apart from meeting other medical eligibility criteria which include tumor size and lack of involvement of the lymph nodes. Consult an experienced gynecologist in Mumbai to know more about your eligibility to undergo trachelectomy based on individual health conditions and cancer staging.
Procedure and Recovery
The trachelectomy involves removing the uterus, along with the cervix and the top portion of the vagina. But through this technique, the uterus itself will not be removed, unlike in other treatments.
Some surgeons also conduct a lymphadenectomy with this surgery, where a certain number of lymph nodes from the pelvis are taken out and examined whether cancer has spread to them. Recovery from trachelectomy surgeries includes some days of hospitalization and then some weeks of rest at home.
This also helps inform patients that they should refrain from strenuous activities and that they should closely follow their doctors’ instructions for them to properly heal without complications.
Preservation of Fertility
The most glaring advantage associated with trachelectomy is that fertility is not compromised. During this procedure, the uterus is retained, and so a woman can conceive and carry a pregnancy. However, pregnancy after trachelectomy is considered a high-risk state and has to be managed by a health provider.
Women are usually advised to conceive after at least six months from the surgery for adequate healing. An appointment with the best gynecologist in Mumbai will surely help the lady gain more insight and tips into management for pregnancy post-trachelectomy.
Comparison with Other Treatments
Trachelectomy has certain advantages over other cervical cancer treatments, especially in young women who need fertility preservation. While hysterectomy and radiotherapy are indeed very powerful treatments for cervical cancer, they render women infertile.
Trachelectomy provides an alternative by balancing the need to treat cancer to preserve reproductive function. It is, however, extremely important to consider that not all cases may be suitable for trachelectomy, and such a decision can only be best arrived at under the consultation of a well-qualified gynecologist in Mumbai.
Risks and Complications
Though trachelectomy is a surgical procedure, some of its potential risks and complications include:
- Bleeding,
- Infection,
- Damage to surrounding organs,
- Risk of preterm birth, and
- Other pregnancy complications in women who have had the procedure.
Patients should discuss these risks with their healthcare provider and weigh them against the benefits accruable in fertility preservation. Identifying the best lady gynecologist in Mumbai can minimize these risks and ensure maximum care standards.
Choosing the Right Gynecologist
Success in a trachelectomy and post-operative care lies in the selection of the right gynecologist. The gynecologist should have sufficient performing experience with trachelectomies and management of cervical cancer.
Dr. Neelima Mantri is a well-known gynecologist in Mumbai who has built credibility in providing end-to-end care to women afflicted with cervical cancer. Her efficiency and politeness make her one of the most preferred choices that patients seek to ensure the best possible outcome.
Trachelectomy is an option, with feasibility, in the setting of early disease for patients suffering from cervical cancer needing preservation of reproductive potential. Knowledge about the procedure, candidature assessment, and options of treatment provides a patient with the freedom to make choices in their care.
One can curate and get effective treatment with an experience like that of Dr. Neelima Mantri. In the case of treatment for cervical cancer, the best gynecologist in Mumbai will restore confidence in women and provide them with the necessary support. With dedication toward patient care and an ever-high reputation as the best lady gynecologist in Mumbai, Dr. Mantri can be trusted to embark on this journey with her patients.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jun 20, 2024 | Laparoscopic Surgery
Oophorectomy, the surgical removal of one or both ovaries, is a procedure that carries significant implications for women’s health and well-being. In this blog, we delve into the purpose behind oophorectomy, the surgical process involved, potential risks, and the recovery journey post-surgery.
Understanding the Purpose of Oophorectomy
Oophorectomy serves several purposes depending on the patient’s medical condition and needs:
- Treatment of Ovarian Conditions: Oophorectomy may be performed to treat ovarian cysts, tumors (benign or malignant), endometriosis, or ovarian torsion.
- Cancer Prevention or Treatment: In cases where there is a high risk of ovarian cancer or to prevent its spread, oophorectomy may be recommended as a preventive measure or part of cancer treatment.
- Hormonal Management: Oophorectomy can impact hormone production, making it a treatment option for conditions like hormone-sensitive cancers or severe hormonal imbalances.
- Reproductive Health Decisions: Some individuals opt for oophorectomy as part of family planning, especially if they have completed childbearing or wish to reduce cancer risks associated with certain genetic mutations.
The Oophorectomy Surgical Procedure
1. Preoperative Preparation
Before undergoing oophorectomy, patients undergo thorough preoperative assessments, including a medical history review, physical examination, and possibly imaging tests. Discussions about the procedure, its risks, benefits, and potential alternatives are also part of the preparation phase.
2. Anesthesia and Incision
Oophorectomy is typically performed under general anesthesia to ensure the patient is unconscious and pain-free during the surgery. The surgeon makes incisions in the abdomen, either through traditional open surgery or minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques.
3. Ovary Removal and Closure
During the procedure, the surgeon carefully removes the affected ovary or ovaries. If both ovaries are removed (bilateral oophorectomy), it induces menopause if the patient hasn’t reached it naturally. The incisions are then closed using sutures or surgical staples.
Risks Associated with Oophorectomy
While oophorectomy is generally safe, it carries potential risks and complications, including:
- Bleeding: Excessive bleeding during or after surgery.
- Infection: Risk of surgical site infection or pelvic infection.
- Adverse Reaction to Anesthesia: Complications related to anesthesia administration.
- Damage to Surrounding Structures: Rare instances of damage to nearby organs or blood vessels.
- Hormonal Changes: Menopause symptoms if both ovaries are removed, such as hot flashes, mood changes, and vaginal dryness.
Recovery Journey After Oophorectomy
The recovery period following oophorectomy varies based on the surgical approach, the patient’s overall health, and any underlying conditions. General guidelines for recovery include:
- Hospital Stay: The length of hospitalization varies but is typically shorter for minimally invasive procedures.
- Pain Management: Medications are prescribed to manage postoperative pain.
- Activity Restrictions: Patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities initially.
- Follow-up Care: Scheduled follow-up appointments to monitor healing, discuss hormone replacement therapy if needed, and address any concerns.
Conclusion
Oophorectomy is a surgical procedure with diverse applications, from treating ovarian conditions to managing cancer risks and hormonal imbalances. While it offers potential benefits, patients should be aware of the associated risks and considerations, including the impact on reproductive health and hormonal balance.
For personalized guidance, comprehensive care, and expert surgical interventions related to oophorectomy and women’s health concerns, consult with a qualified gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon in Mumbai like Dr. Neelima Mantri. With her expertise and dedication to patient well-being, Dr. Mantri ensures optimal outcomes and support throughout the oophorectomy journey.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jun 19, 2024 | Blog, Pregnancy Complications
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) refers to a condition in which a fetus fails to achieve its expected growth potential while in the womb. In this blog, let us shed light on the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for IUGR, a condition that requires careful monitoring and medical management.
What are the Causes of IUGR?
Several factors can contribute to Intrauterine Growth Restriction, including:
- Placental Insufficiency: Insufficient blood flow or function of the placenta, which provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, can hamper fetal growth.
- Maternal Health Conditions:Chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, and autoimmune disorders can impact fetal growth.
- Infections: Certain infections during pregnancy, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Zika virus, can lead to IUGR.
- Genetic Factors: Inherited genetic abnormalities or chromosomal disorders may play a role in restricted fetal growth.
- Multiple Pregnancies:In pregnancies with twins or higher-order multiples, IUGR can occur due to competition for nutrients and space within the uterus.
What are the Symptoms of IUGR?
Detecting IUGR typically involves prenatal monitoring and ultrasound evaluations. Common symptoms and indicators include:
- Small Fundal Height:The measurement of the uterus may be smaller than expected for the gestational age.
- Decreased Fetal Movements:Reduced fetal movements or activity compared to normal patterns.
- Low Birth Weight: Babies born with IUGR often have a birth weight below the 10th percentile for their gestational age.
- Decreased Amniotic Fluid: A decrease in the volume of amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios) may be observed during ultrasound examinations.
- Delayed Development:In severe cases, delayed development of organs or structures can be detected through ultrasound imaging.
What are the Treatment Options available for IUGR?
Managing IUGR requires a multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, perinatologists, and neonatologists. Treatment strategies may include:
- Close Monitoring:Regular prenatal visits and ultrasound assessments to track fetal growth, amniotic fluid levels, and overall well-being.
- Nutritional Support: Ensuring the mother receives adequate nutrition and hydration to support fetal growth.
- Medical Interventions: Depending on the underlying cause and severity of IUGR, medical interventions such as medication or interventions to manage maternal health conditions may be necessary.
- Fetal Surveillance:Monitoring fetal well-being through tests like Doppler ultrasound to assess blood flow in the umbilical artery and fetal heart rate monitoring.
- Timely Delivery:In cases of severe or worsening IUGR, delivery may be recommended to prevent further complications.
Conclusion
Intrauterine Growth Restriction is a complex condition that requires careful evaluation, monitoring, and management throughout pregnancy. Understanding the causes, recognizing symptoms, and seeking timely medical intervention are crucial steps in optimizing outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
For expert guidance and comprehensive care regarding Intrauterine Growth Restriction and other pregnancy-related concerns, consult with one of the best female gynecologists in Mumbai, Dr. Neelima Mantri. With her extensive experience and expertise in high-risk obstetrics, Dr. Mantri ensures personalized care and the best possible outcomes for expectant mothers and their babies.
