by Dr Neelima Mantri | Sep 17, 2024 | Blog, Infertility Treatment
Infertility, miscarriage, pelvic pain, and tubal issues – Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a commonly recommended diagnostic procedure for those facing fertility challenges or gynecological problems.
Despite its frequent use, many women may still need to understand its importance and implications. Increasing awareness about HSG is essential, as it plays a critical role in diagnosing and addressing various reproductive health concerns. This specialized X-ray helps to find potential issues within the uterus and fallopian tubes that could be affecting your fertility.
Whether your gynecologist has recommended this test or you’re simply exploring your options, this comprehensive guide will explain the procedure, how to recover, and what the results might mean for you.
What is a Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)?
The Hysterosalpingogram procedure is an essential diagnostic tool in reproductive health. It’s a type of X-ray that provides detailed images of your uterus and fallopian tubes. During the procedure, a special dye is gently injected into your uterus through the cervix. This dye highlights these areas on X-ray images, allowing your doctor to identify any blockages, scarring, or abnormalities that could impact your ability to conceive.
“An HSG test can be a pivotal step in understanding fertility challenges. Although it might seem daunting, knowing what to expect can ease your worries and help you take control of your reproductive health,” explains best gynaecologist in Mumbai Dr. Neelima Mantri.
Why is an HSG test important?
If you’ve faced difficulties conceiving or experienced recurrent miscarriages, an HSG test might be recommended. Conducted shortly after your menstrual period and before ovulation, this test is crucial for assessing whether your fallopian tubes are open and if your uterus is in a healthy condition to support a pregnancy. This information guides the next steps in your fertility treatment plan.
What to Expect During the HSG Procedure
The Hysterosalpingogram procedure typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes. Here’s a brief overview of what happens:
- Preparation:You’ll lie on an X-ray table in a position similar to a pelvic exam, with a speculum inserted to access your cervix.
- Dye Injection:A thin catheter is inserted into the cervix, introducing a contrast dye into your uterus.
- X-ray Imaging:As the dye moves through your reproductive system, X-ray images are captured to identify potential issues.
- Completion:Once the images are taken, the speculum and catheter are removed, and you can usually go home shortly after.
Is the HSG Test Painful?
It’s natural to be concerned about discomfort during the HSG test. Most women experience sensations similar to menstrual cramps, which can vary in intensity. Your doctor may suggest a mild pain reliever before the procedure to alleviate any discomfort. While the test might be uncomfortable, it’s generally well-tolerated, and the insights gained into your reproductive health are worth the temporary discomfort.
Recovery after the HSG Test
Recovery is usually smooth, with most women resuming their normal activities the same day. You may experience mild cramping or light spotting, but these symptoms typically resolve quickly. If you experience severe pain, fever, or heavy bleeding, contact your doctor immediately, as these could indicate complications.
Understanding Your HSG Test Results
Your gynecologist will review your HSG results and discuss them with you. Here are some possible outcomes:
- Expected Results:If the dye flows freely through your uterus and fallopian tubes, it indicates no blockages or structural issues, a positive sign for fertility.
- Blocked Tubes: If the dye cannot pass through one or both fallopian tubes, it may suggest a blockage, which could potentially affect conception.
- Uterine Abnormalities: The test may reveal issues like fibroids or polyps, which could impact your ability to conceive or maintain a pregnancy.
What’s Next?
Your gynecologist will guide you through the following steps based on your HSG results. If the results are expected, it’s reassuring, but further evaluation or treatment might still be necessary. Additional testing or treatment options may be recommended if blockages or abnormalities are found.
The Hysterosalpingogram procedure is a crucial step in understanding your fertility health. If you’re uncertain about what comes next, don’t worry—you don’t have to go through it alone. Consulting Dr. Neelima Mantri, the best gynecologist in Mumbai, can provide you with the support and answers you need. For those seeking a compassionate female perspective, Dr. Mantri is here to offer personalized care and help you navigate your fertility journey with confidence.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Aug 22, 2024 | Blog, Uterine Fibroids
Did you know that up to 70-80% of women will develop uterine fibroids by the time they turn 50? Many women may not realize they have a bulky uterus until it is detected during a routine pelvic check-up.
From heavy menstrual bleeding and chronic pelvic pain to fertility issues, anaemia, urinary problems, or even uterine cancer, a bulky uterus, which fibroids or Adenomyosis often causes, can lead to severe complications for all age groups.
The causes of a bulky uterus can be many, and the victims can be anyone. So, understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatments is crucial for reproductive health. With inputs from a leading female gynaecologist from Mumbai, Dr. Neelima Mantri, let us take a closer look at this medical condition.
What is a Bulky Uterus?
The uterus is a small, muscular organ crucial for nurturing and supporting a foetus until birth. A bulky or enlarged uterus is when the uterus grows more significant than its standard size (about 8 x 5 x 4 cm). This can be normal during pregnancy, but if it happens outside pregnancy for no particular reason, it can cause symptoms like lower abdominal heaviness, severe pain, and bleeding and needs medical attention.
Common Symptoms of Bulky Uterus:
The symptoms associated with a bulky uterus can vary depending on the underlying cause. Common symptoms include:
- Abnormalities in the menstrual cycle
- Heavy bleeding and pelvic cramping
- Swelling and cramping in the legs
- Pressure on the uterus and surrounding organs
- Backaches
- Bleeding after menopause
- Vaginal discharge
- Frequent and urgent urination
- Pain during sexual intercourse
- Excessive bleeding during periods leading to anaemia
- Weight gain around the lower abdomen
- Swelling or mass in the lower abdomen
- Acne
- Excessive hair growth
- Breast tenderness
- Constipation
- Pale skin and general weakness
So what causes a bulky uterus that leads to severe and painful symptoms, as above? Let us find out:
What are the common Causes of a Bulky Uterus?
It is essential to understand the reasons behind a bulky uterus. Below are a few typical reasons:
- Fibroids (Leiomyoma/Fibromyoma)
Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop within the uterine wall. They can vary in size from small nodules to large masses, causing symptoms such as:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)
- Bleeding between periods (metrorrhagia)
- Presence of a firm mass in the pelvic region
- Lower back pain
- Discomfort during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)
- Frequent urge to urinate
- Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis occurs when the endometrial tissue, which usually lines the uterus, grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. Symptoms include:
- Painful periods (dysmenorrhea)
- Abdominal pain
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a hormonal disorder affecting reproductive-age women, characterized by:
- Infertility
- Acne or oily skin
- Weight gain around the abdomen
- Excess hair growth on the chest, stomach, and face
- Dark skin patches on the neck, under the breasts, and in the armpits
- Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial cancer refers to the spite of the uterine lining, typically affecting postmenopausal women. Symptoms may include
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding
- Pelvic pain.
- Pain during intercourse.
- Other Causes
- Ovarian Cysts: Fluid-filled sacs that develop within or on the surface of the ovaries.
- Hormonal Imbalances: Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels.
- Menopause: Transition period leading to hormonal changes and potential uterine enlargement.
- Pregnancy: The uterus naturally enlarges during pregnancy to accommodate fetal growth.
Treatment Options for a Bulky Uterus:
Treatment for a bulky uterus aims to manage symptoms and address the underlying cause. Treatment options include:
- Medications:Hormonal therapies or pain relievers are prescribed to manage symptoms such as heavy bleeding and pelvic pain.
- Lifestyle Changes:Incorporating stress management techniques, regular exercise, and dietary adjustments to support overall health.
- Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE):A minimally invasive procedure to block blood flow to uterine fibroids, causing them to shrink.
- Surgery:Surgical interventions like myomectomy (removal of fibroids) or hysterectomy(removal of the uterus) may be recommended in severe cases or when fertility is not a concern.
- Consulting a Specialist:If you are planning to conceive a child, relying on hormonal contraceptives or an IUD will not be effective. Some conditions as mentioned above, such as fibroids, PCOS, and Adenomyosis, all have some risk associated with fertility problems. Seek medical advisor help to cure bulky uterus-related problems.
A bulky uterus is a medical condition that can lead to various symptoms. If you have been experiencing any of the above symptoms, it is essential to consult a gynaecologist as soon as possible. Beginning treatment early improves outcomes and helps you avoid complications with utmost efficiency. If you are in Mumbai and are looking for treatment for a bulky uterus condition, Dr. Neelima Mantri is the best female gynaecologist in Mumbai with an exceptional track record in treating bulky uterus conditions.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Aug 20, 2024 | Blog, Female Gynaecologist
Menarche, or a girl’s first menstrual period, is a significant milestone in puberty that marks the beginning of her reproductive years. This natural process can often be accompanied by a mix of excitement, confusion, and even anxiety.
“Understanding what menarche is, its typical age, and what to expect can help ease the transition for young girls and their families,” says the best gynaecologist in Mumbai, Dr. Neelima Mantri. With her insights, we have crafted a detailed blog to help you understand this condition better. Let’s get started.
What is Menarche?
Menarche is the term for a girl’s first menstrual period. It marks the beginning of her menstrual cycle, the first menstrual bleeding, and a sign that her body is transitioning into womanhood. This natural process is a vital part of reproductive health.
Menarche is a normal part of growing up, and while it signifies that the body is maturing, it can also raise various questions and concerns. Here’s a closer look at what happens during menarche and how to navigate this critical phase.
What Age Does Menarche (First Period) Occur?
The Age at which menarche occurs can vary widely. Most girls get their first period between the ages of 9 and 15. However, genetics, nutrition, and overall health can influence the timing. It is perfectly normal for some girls to start earlier or later than this Age. Consulting with the best gynaecologist can provide peace of mind if you’re concerned about your first period.
How Do I Know if My Period is Coming?
Several signs can indicate that a girl’s first period is on the way. These signs can appear a few months or even years before menarche:
- Breast Development: One of the earliest signs of puberty.
- Growth Spurts: Sudden increase in height.
- Body Hair: Hair growth under the arms and in the pubic area.
- Vaginal Discharge: White or yellowish discharge in the underwear.
What Are the Symptoms of Menarche?
- When your first period is about to start, it’s usually accompanied by some physical and emotional changes. You might notice some of these common symptoms;
Physical Symptoms:
- Bloating: Feeling of fullness or swelling in the abdomen.
- Headache or Backache: General discomfort or pain.
- Spotting or Light Bleeding: Menarche might start with light spotting or minimal bleeding before becoming more regular.
- Menstrual Flow: The menstrual flow can vary in amount and duration. It’s common for the first few periods to be irregular.
- Cramps: Mild to moderate pain in the lower abdomen.
Emotional Changes:
- Mood Swings: Hormonal changes can lead to mood swings, which are expected during puberty.
- Self-Consciousness: Many girls may feel self-conscious about their changing bodies and the changes that come with menstruation.
How Long Do Periods Last?
The first period typically lasts 3 to 7 days. The flow may be light or heavy, and it’s normal for the cycle to be irregular at first. However, the duration can vary from person to person and can be affected by factors like Age, health, and hormonal changes.
When to Seek Medical Advice?
While menarche (first period) is a normal part of puberty, there are situations when you need to consult a gynaecologist. Are as follows:
- Irregular Periods: If periods remain irregular or absent after a year or more.
- Severe Pain: severe menstrual pain should be evaluated by a gynaecologist.
- Heavy Bleeding: Excessive bleeding or symptoms of anaemia, such as fatigue or weakness.
Understanding and managing menarche can be overwhelming, but you don’t have to go through it alone. If you have any concerns or questions about managing your menstrual cycle or women’s Health issues, don’t hesitate to contact Dr. Neelima Mantri, the best female gynaecologist in Mumbai. It’s essential to take care of your reproductive health, and getting the proper medical advice can help you make informed decisions.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Aug 16, 2024 | Blog, Pregnancy Complications
Pregnancy is an incredible journey, full of excitement, anticipation, and sometimes a few concerns, as it involves numerous changes and potential complications.
Marginal cord insertion is a pregnancy complication where the umbilical cord attaches abnormally to the placenta. A considerably rare condition, this abnormality can affect fetal development, cause placental abruption, and even lead to preterm labor. The good news is that this condition can be effectively managed when identified early and with the right awareness beforehand, it can be prevented.
The first step to avoiding the risks is to raise awareness about possible complications and take necessary steps to mitigate them. We take that first step with this blog today.
What is Marginal Cord Insertion?
During pregnancy, the umbilical cord usually attaches to the center of the placenta, supplying the foetus with oxygen and nutrients. However, in marginal cord insertion, the cord attaches to the edge or around the placenta. This may seem minor, but it can impact the baby’s blood flow, oxygen, and nutrients.
Symptoms of Marginal Cord Insertion
Symptoms of marginal cord insertion are often asymptomatic and can go unnoticed until a routine prenatal scan. A few symptoms include:
- Slow Foetal Growth: If the baby isn’t growing as expected, it might be linked to marginal cord insertion.
- Low Amniotic Fluid: Reduced fluid around the baby can sometimes happen.
- Heart Rate Changes: You might notice variations in the baby’s heart rate due to blood vessel compression.
- Higher Risk of Complications: There could be a higher chance of preterm birth or low birth weight.
“Keep up with regular check-ups and ultrasounds. Always consult your gynaecologist for the best advice”, says gynaecologist in Mumbai Dr Neelima Mantri, when asked about the ways to identify the condition and prevent the symptoms.
Marginal Cord Insertion Causes:
So, what causes this condition? Well, researchers are still determining the exact causes of marginal cord insertion. Some studies suggest that factors such as:
- Placental development: Sometimes, the placenta doesn’t grow uniformly, leading to an off-centre cord attachment.
- Multiple pregnancies: Twins or triplets may have a higher risk due to limited space in the uterus.
- Maternal age: Women over 35 may have a slightly increased risk.
- Previous uterine surgeries: These can affect how the placenta implants.
Remember, having these risk factors doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll develop marginal cord insertion. In many cases, it occurs without even a clear cause. But how is it diagnosed and treated?
Marginal Cord Insertion Diagnosis:
Diagnosis typically happens during routine imaging studies. Here’s what you can expect:
- Second-trimester ultrasound: This is often when marginal cord insertion is first detected.
- Follow-up scans: Your doctor may recommend additional ultrasounds to monitor the condition.
- Doppler ultrasound: This specialized scan can assess blood flow in the umbilical cord.
If your doctor suggests additional scans, it’s a routine measure to ensure everything is progressing as expected.
Marginal Cord Insertion Treatment:
Many cases of marginal cord insertion don’t need particular treatment, which is encouraging. Yet, your gynaecologist will generally:
1. Monitor growth: Regular ultrasounds will track your baby’s growth and development.
- Check blood flow: Doppler scans can ensure your baby is getting adequate nutrients.
- Discuss delivery options: In most cases, vaginal delivery is still possible. However, your doctor might recommend a C-section if there are concerns about cord compression during labor.
Managing Marginal Cord Insertion:
While you can’t change the cord’s position, you can support a healthy pregnancy:
- Attend all prenatal appointments: Regular check-ups allow your doctor to monitor the situation closely.
- Follow a healthy diet: Proper nutrition supports your baby’s growth and your overall health.
- Stay hydrated: Adequate fluid intake is crucial for amniotic fluid levels.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol: These can compromise placental function.
Understanding Marginal cord insertion can bring peace of mind during your pregnancy journey. Staying informed and working closely with a gynaecologist can ensure the best possible outcomes for you and your baby.
If you have concerns about marginal placental cord insertion or any other aspect of your pregnancy. In that case, Dr. Neelima Mantri is the best gynaecologist in Mumbai and offers compassionate and expert care. As the best lady gynaecologist in Mumbai, Dr. Neelima Mantri ensures you and your baby receive the highest quality care throughout your pregnancy.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jul 22, 2024 | Blog, Infertility Treatment
Wonder how doctors monitor and optimize a woman’s ovulation cycle to increase the chances of conception? This is where the follicular study comes in. It is a series of ultrasound tests conducted to monitor the development of ovarian follicles, hence helping in ascertaining the exact time of ovulation.
This study has a special application in cases of infertility problems. In this article, we will explain the fundamentals of follicular studies, their importance, and the process of these studies.
What is Follicular Study and Why is it Important?
Follicular study—successive monitoring of the growth of the follicles through regular ultrasound checks in the ovaries. Checking what size and how well they are developing will help in establishing one’s most fertile days. Through these changes, the doctors get to know the cycle of ovulation better, being able to time intercourses or intrauterine insemination easily for those couples who have infertility issues.
Monitoring of the ovulation cycle is very important in case of infertility. The follicular study aids in ascertaining and giving information on the time of ovulation to expect, thereby helping a person to plan. This is more so the case in women with irregular periods. It may also lead to the diagnosis and treatment of fertility issues.
Observing the growth of the follicles may note possible problems in ovulation. The probability of successful conception can be enhanced by optimizing treatment plans through the monitored development of the follicles by the doctor.
How is a Follicular Study Conducted?
The study would, more often than not, be conducted with the aid of a transvaginal ultrasound. It is commenced a couple of days after the completion of the menstrual cycle and repeated every two to three days until confirmation of ovulation is received.
On each visit, measuring by the gynecologist the size of follicles and checking on the endometrial lining for its thickness is done. All this gives a clue as to the exact time of ovulation. The study is not invasive and does not take long; it’s not painful at all, and so it is one of the preferred ways to monitor ovulation.
What to Expect During a Follicular Study?
Each patient who comes for follicular study can expect to undergo a series of ultrasound sessions during a menstrual cycle. At each session, the doctor will insert the probe via a transvaginal route to get clear images of the ovaries and the follicles.
It is a process that is normally done in a clinic and takes 10-15 minutes. This would generally not be too painful, and patients may feel a little discomfort. Depending upon the results, the doctor would opine as to the best days for intercourse or fertility treatment.
Advantages of Follicular Study in the Management of Infertility
The best gynecologist in Mumbai for infertility will often recommend a follicular study as a part of a comprehensive treatment of infertility.
- The study more accurately times ovulation, which is very important for doing timed intercourse, IUI, or IVF.
- It shows the fertile period more precisely and hence increases the chances of conception.
- In addition, it may also be able to pick up any abnormal development of follicles or faulty ovulation, permitting timely medical intervention.
When to Consult a Gynecologist for a Follicular Study?
Women with not ideally conceiving must get their follicles studied by a female gynecologist in Mumbai. A follicular study may be most useful in case of irregular periods, PCOS, or unexplained infertility to treat health problems related to reproductive health.
Thus, consulting a gynecologist at the beginning will diagnose the problems at an earlier stage and start proper treatments without loss of time. Early treatments will increase the chances of conception.
Conclusion
The follicular study is one of the integral tools in infertility treatment, providing minute details regarding the ovulation cycle; therewith, it helps optimize conception efforts. Thus, this study will enable non-invasive, effective monitoring of ovulation in women who would want to know better about their fertility status or are undergoing infertility treatments.
One could perhaps look up consulting Dr. Neelima Mantri, a well-known Mumbai-based female gynecologist for expert care and detailed studies of these follicles in support and guidance of fertility. Be it in your search for the best Gynaecologists in Mumbai or specialized care in the arena of infertility, Dr Mantri’s expertise reassures comprehensive and compassionate care on an as-needed basis.
by Dr Neelima Mantri | Jul 19, 2024 | Blog, Pregnancy Complications
We all understand the crucial role of amniotic fluid, which envelops the womb to safeguard the baby. But what if the fluid levels are too high? This condition, known as Polyhydramnios, involves an excessive secretion of amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy. In its mildest form, it doesn’t pose any problems or symptoms. However, severe cases may necessitate treatment.
This condition is typically identified after the middle stages of pregnancy. Severe cases can lead to preterm labor, shortness of breath, and other symptoms. Yet, with early detection and proper management, the risks can be minimized. Mild cases often resolve on their own, but severe ones require close attention. To help you understand this condition better, check out this post for more information!
An Overview of Polyhydramnios
Polyhydramnios is a medical condition found in pregnant mothers in the middle term during pregnancy. The condition arises when there is a sudden spike in the amniotic fluids around the womb in the uterus.
Ideally, the amniotic fluid plays a significant role in the development and growth of the fetus. Doctors identify this condition in the second half of the pregnancy stage. This is a rare condition that affects 1% of pregnant women. They are diagnosed using the following methods:
- Amniotic fluid volume (AFV) or Maximum vertical pocket (MPV): This measures the deepest fluid pocket of the baby inside the womb. If the value shown is more than 8 cm, it is proved that the womb has polyhydramnios.
- Amniotic fluid index (AFI):This measures the deepest fluid pocket in four areas of the womb where if the sum of the four values is over 24 cm, it is proved that the womb has polyhydramnios.
- Blood Tests: These check if some diseases and infections cause polyhydramnios.
- Amniocentesis:This procedure uses a needle to remove the amniotic fluid from the womb. Then, the fluids are checked to provide information about the baby’s health.
- Nonstress Test:The baby’s heart rate is checked through the abdomen.
- Biophysical Profile: Doctors use ultrasound to identify complications and birth defects. They also use it to monitor the baby’s movement and breathing and the volume of amniotic fluid in the womb.
Causes of Polyhydramnios
There is no exact cause diagnosed by the best gynecologist in Mumbai. However, here are a few common ones:
- Affects the baby’s central nervous system, digestive tract, genetic conditions, or specific other organs.
- Causes twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome when twins are found in the womb where one receives higher blood flow than the other.
- Causes fetal anemia due to less blood flow to the womb.
- Clashes of parent blood cell with the child’s blood cell.
- Affects the placenta through which oxygen and food are supplied to the baby.
- Heart rate problems for the baby.
- The fetus becomes infectious.
- The difference in blood types for the mother and baby.
- Create gestational diabetes and high blood glucose levels in the mother.
Symptoms of Polyhydramnios
The first notable sign of Polyhydramnios is a swollen belly that occurs after a few weeks after pregnancy. This is due to the build-up of amniotic fluids, which pressure the uterus and the surrounding organs. For mild conditions, there are low chances of seeing symptoms. On the other hand, for severe conditions, here are a few risky symptoms:
- Swollen feet and ankles
- Shortness of breath
- Contraction, cramping, and tightness (especially in the uterus muscles) in the stomach
- Heartburn
- Constipation
- Indigestion
- Uterine contractions and discomfort
- Trouble feeling that there is a baby in the womb
- Fetal malposition (the baby moves in the wrong way in the womb)
- Difficulty in finding the fetal heartbeat
- Pressures the lungs, rectum, bladders, and stomach of the mother
Conclusion
That’s all you need to know about the rare cases of Polyhydramnios. If you do not wish to be numbered with this complication, it’s best to take steps early to fight it and protect your baby. Book a consultation with Dr Neelima Mantri and start recuperating before it’s too late!
