An inflammation, thinning, and dryness of the vaginal walls is known as atrophic vaginitis. After menopause, it typically occurs as a result of declining estrogen levels. As ovaries generate fewer hormones during menopause, the body begins to go through multiple changes.
The hormone estrogen levels tend to decrease by about 85% in vaginal atrophy cases. The urethra, the pelvic floor muscles, the vaginal lining, as well as the vulval skin are all thin when estrogen levels are low. Reduced blood flow in the pelvis and discomfort in these regions are also possible effects of this.
Lately, the term genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), which is more recent, has taken the place of vaginal atrophy. This new phrase assists in describing the urinary as well as vaginal signs and symptoms that may develop from low estrogen. Although atrophic vaginitis is a typical menopausal symptom, not much is known about the ailment, therefore few people look for atrophic vaginitis treatment.
The Causes
Estrogen is required for the vagina (as well as other tissues in the pelvis) to remain functional. The elasticity and fullness of vaginal tissues decline as estrogen levels drop. They instead become drier, thinner, and more sensitive. As a consequence, there is a higher chance of irritation or abrasions, which can lead to urinary tract infections.
Estrogen levels begin to fluctuate irregularly throughout perimenopause (the years before menopause), and they continue to decline following menopause. Estrogen levels can be lower due to:
- Surgical menopause
- Chemotherapy
- Breastfeeding
- Oral contraceptives
- Pelvic radiation treatment for the cancer
The Symptoms
When you have vaginal atrophy, the tissue that borders the vaginal wall becomes thin, dry, and inflammatory. The first symptom is frequently a loss of lubrication (dryness). Female gynecologists in Mumbai say the following are other signs of genitourinary syndrome of menopause:
- Frequent or urgent bathroom visits
- Recurrent urinary tract infections
- Burning sensation when urinating
- Narrowing and tightness of the vaginal canal
- Bleeding after sex
- Itchy vulva
- Blood in urine
- Vaginal dryness
- Thin, yellow discharge
The Treatment
Typically, vaginal lubricants and estrogen vaginal preparations are used as the first line of treatment for vaginal atrophy. Non-estrogen topical hormonal therapies, however, may be recommended for people who are unable to utilize estrogen. If none of these therapies work, a CO2 laser procedure may be suggested. This procedure can regenerate vaginal tissue, boost collagen synthesis, and restore the vagina to normal functionality.
HRT, also known as systemic estrogen treatment, is another option for treating it. It is taking medication to replenish the hormones lost during menopause. Gynecologists in Mumbai can prescribe HRT, which comes in a variety of forms such as tablets, gels, and implants. The body receives estrogen from this kind of estrogen therapy.
HRT is advised if you have other menopause-related symptoms because it will have a more significant impact on the body than vaginal estrogen. It’s crucial to remember that HRT has several risks and side effects, such as vaginal or urinary issues, which may discourage many women from pursuing this course of treatment for their vaginal atrophy.
Dr. Neelima Mantri is one of the best gynecologists in Mumbai, known for successfully managing High-Risk Obstetrics and handling numerous complex obstetric cases. If you are looking for effective treatment for Vaginal Atrophy issues, you may consult Dr. Neelima Mantri.
