Millions of women go through severe pain and have to hide their painful periods due to cultural and societal stigma surrounding menstrual hygiene and health. A few women go through their monthly periods with little to no discomfort or inconvenience for a few days. However, for many women, their monthly period is a battle against excruciating pain, fatigue and emotional distress that interferes with their normal daily routine.

One of the causes of severe menstrual pain is endometriosis, which affects millions of girls all over the world. Despite the condition affecting a large percentage of women, little to no information is said about the topic, leaving many women feeling alone and isolated while experiencing debilitating pain every month. In this article, we’ll break the silence regarding endometriosis and elaborate on its symptoms and treatment.

What is Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic medical condition where the tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside of the uterus which causes inflammation and swelling. The tissue can develop on the outer layer of the uterus, the fallopian tubes or the ovaries. Normally, this tissue responds to hormonal changes like the tissue found in the inner lining of the uterus and should pass as menstruation.

Unfortunately, this tissue is located on other organs and, after shedding, cannot pass out of the body, leading to complications. Research has been carried out to discover the cause of endometriosis. While no concrete evidence has been found, several theories of possible causes exist, such as genetic disposition, immune system dysfunction and many others.

Symptoms

Various endometriosis symptoms usually manifest in numerous ways, a few of which are listed below:

• Severe Pain: Intense cramping, heavy and painful bleeding and pelvic pain are common symptoms experienced due to endometriosis. It is medically known as dysmenorrhoea, and the cramps could begin days before the period and continue till the end of the period.
• Chronic Pelvic Pain: Many women experience pain in the lower abdomen, back and pelvis when suffering from endometriosis. The pain can occur at any time from intercourse, menstruation, bowel movement or urination.
• Heavy Bleeding: It often comes with the issue of heavy menstrual flow, which leads to health complications like anaemia and fatigue.
• Infertility: The health complications caused by endometriosis, such as scarring, make it difficult to conceive as the condition affects various reproductive organs like the uterus, fallopian tube and ovaries.
• Bloating and Swellings: The condition often causes its bearers to experience bloating and swelling in various parts of the body.

Treatment Options for Endometriosis

Although there is no cure for endometriosis, various treatment options are available to improve quality of life, reduce pain and manage symptoms that occur. There are traditional and natural treatment options available for endometriosis. Natural endometriosis treatment includes:

• Dietary/Lifestyle Changes: Having a balanced diet is key, as consuming a diet rich in omega-3 acids, antioxidants, and fibre will reduce inflammation.
• Herbal Remedies: Consuming herbs like turmeric, chamomile and ginger can help reduce pain.
• Yoga and Relaxing Activities: Performing relaxation activities like yoga can reduce anxiety and stress.

Conclusion

A condition as serious as endometriosis isn’t something to remain silent on, as millions of women and girls are in severe pain every month. The condition affects not only the physical well-being but also the mental and emotional well-being of people with the condition. It is important to ask questions and clear any doubts you may have about endometriosis symptoms in women. Dr Neelima Mantri is ready to address all your concerns.